The Force of Sound: Listening after 9/11

In the immediate aftermath of the 9/11 attacks, radio programmers worried about what music might mean to listeners. In the years that followed, the US military and other state authorities began to treat sound as a tool that could be used to disorient, exhaust, injure, and coerce, leveraging sound as a physical and painful coercive force.

From Counterterrorism to Content Moderation: How the War on Terror Shaped Online Political Discourse

The post-9/11 War on Terror produced legal and technical infrastructure designed to monitor communications and suppress terrorist propaganda. Meta's content moderation practices, shaped by post-9/11 counterterrorism policies, have led to collateral censorship that conflates legitimate political discourse with support for terrorism, undermining freedom of expression globally.

“Get That Son of a Bitch Off the Field”: The National Anthem, Performative Patriotism, and the Legacies of 9/11

Years before Colin Kaepernick’s dissent, the national anthem had become wrapped up in US cultural politics, a phenomenon that 9/11 exacerbated. In the wake of September 11th, Americans rallied around the flag in ways that at first seemed natural and inspiring, but almost immediately became performative and enveloped in the roiling divisiveness that has come to characterize 21st-century America.

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